• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Cooling water for cooling coke in a coking drum is charged into the interior of the coking drum from a plurality of orifices located on the lateral surfaces of the coking drum so as to uniformly distribute the cooling effect provided by the cooling water.
    公开号:SU950190A3
    申请号:SU782577351
    申请日:1978-02-13
    公开日:1982-08-07
    发明作者:Чарльз Джансма Джон
    申请人:Дзе Стандарт Ойл Компани(Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    through the bottom of the coking cylinder to rail cars or to other appropriate conveyors for delivery to the kiln or friend of customers. Coke, which is removed from the coking cylinder and called raw coke, still contains molecules that are decomposed at elevated temperatures. Usually, in order to cause such reactions and as a result complete the coking operation, thus obtaining the finished petroleum coke, the crude coke is fired at a high temperature. One example of the widespread use of petroleum coke is the manufacture of carbon electrodes for the production of steel and aluminum from it. The carbon electrodes used in the steel industry should generally be made of graphite coke, which is a special type of cocoon (a, characterized in that it has needles. Quasi-crystalline structure, and which is obtained from oil rich in aromatic hydrocarbons and in asphaltenes free. As is well known, it is possible to obtain carbon electrodes having thermal expansion coefficients of about 4.0 to 10 degrees or less, if ragged coke. However, if non-graded coke is used, the electrodes have a coefficient of expansion from about 6 to 10. As the electrodes used in the steel industry need a low coefficient of thermal expansion, in the steel industry only those electrodes are acceptable, which are made of graphite coke I. Unfortunately, the use of graphitized coke as a starting material in the production of carbon electrodes does not always guarantee that the resulting carbon electrodes e electrodes have a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than 4, hail. In connection with this, it was found that some carbon electrodes obtained from graphitized carbon and by other means, following the correct technology, have a coefficient of thermal expansion of much greater than 4,040 degrees Paul It is believed that this phenomenon is caused by a characteristic feature or property of graphite raw coke, which is burned and then converted into carbon electrodes. However, at present there is no reliable analytical method that can be applied to determine whether the property and characteristic feature of this portion of graphitic raw coke are acceptable. The aim of the invention is to improve the homogeneity of the physicomechanical characteristics of the raw coke from which the carbon electrodes are made, there is a lower thermal expansion coefficient than the thermal expansion coefficient 4, or less, for a higher percentage of flow operations. This goal is achieved in that according to the method for producing coke from liquid hydrocarbons, including loading the heated raw material into the coking chamber, pulling it out to form coke, steam through the coke, cooling the coke by entering the coolant into the chamber, grinding the coke into pieces and removing it from the chamber in the form of raw coke, the cooling 5p1 capacity is introduced into the chamber through openings made in the bottom section of the chamber walls. At the same time, coolant is introduced through the bottom of the coking chamber and steam is supplied through holes in the side walls of the chamber. Unlike injecting water into the coking cylinder during water cooling only from the bottom of the cylinder, in accordance with the invention, water is injected into the coking cylinder through these holes instead of or in addition to injecting it through the bottom of the coking cylinder. Using the proposed method of supplying water used for cooling the cylinder, the cooling operation is carried out more evenly. This, in turn, leads to the fact that the needle-like quasicrystalline structure of graphitized coke forms more uniform, which results in a more uniform distribution of properties over the whole mass of raw coke obtained using any operation of the proposed coking process. Due to the fact that a whole portion of coke {which, on average, can be 400 tons, has more uniform properties, graphitized electrodes obtained from it are always characterized by a tendency to have better characteristics. Thus, the present invention provides a method for uniformly cooling coke in a coking cylinder, including directing a cooling liquid to the inside of a coking cylinder from a plurality of holes located on the side surfaces of the coking cylinder so as to evenly cool coke. The drawing shows the scheme of the device for producing coke according to the proposed method. The device contains a coke chamber, which is formed by cylinder 1, base 2 in the form of a truncated cone and upper part 3. Cylinder 1, together with base 2 and upper part 3, forms a closed chamber in which coking takes place. The base 2 and the upper part 3 are provided with corresponding hatches 4 and 5, to which they are hermetically sealed with the bottom B and the bottom 7 of the upper part, respectively. To load hot oil into the internal role of the device body, it is equipped with means B, hot oil loading, which are filled into pipelines 9 and 11 and valve 12. Pipeline 11 is connected to a non-source (not shown, while pipeline 9 is connected to the inner cavity of the coking cylinder 1 through the hatch 4 and the bottom b so that when the valve 12 is open, hot oil flows into the internal cavity of the coking chamber.;.,;... To supply cooling liquids, such as water, into the internal cavity of the coking chamber supply device cooling facilities that are complete in the form of pipelines 13-15; and a control valve 16. Pipeline 15 is connected to a source of water or other coolant (not shown), while pipeline 13 is connected to pipeline 11 in such a way that when valve 16 open, coolant is supplied to the inner cavity of the coking cylinder 1. To supply steam into the internal cavity of the coking cylinder 1 through the hatch 4 of the bottom, the device is equipped with pipes 17 and 18 and a check valve 19, which is connected to a steam source (not shown). An outlet pipe 20 is connected to the upper part 3 of the coke cylinder 1, which is used to remove steam flow components of the hot oil supplied to the coke cylinder 1, which is not subjected to coking, and splitting products. In addition, appropriate crushing equipment 21, such as a washing punch, connected in working position to the coking cylinder 1, for removing the coke after the coking process is completed, is located above the upper manhole 5. The coking cylinder 1 is provided with a plurality of openings 22 for supplying cooling liquid to the internal cavity of the coking cylinder 1 during cooling of the coke. The holes 22 are located on the side surfaces of the cylindrical cobalt and are designed to evenly distribute the cooling effect caused by the coolant supplied to the coking cylinder. The holes 22 are formed at two levels with an interval along the vertical axis, with each hole having 4 holes at an angle of 90, one relative to the other. The holes are located along the vertical axis so that the distance from the upper holes to the line 23 of the maximum filling of the coking cylinder 1 and the distance between the level of the lower holes and the base 2 of the housing, forming the boundary between two level QI holes, is almost equal. Water or other coolant is supplied through the hoverings 22 by means of pipes 24 and a valve 25 connected to line 13 of the coolant supply system. Control valves 26 associated with each of the orifices 22 are designed to regulate the flow of fluid through the individual orifices. It is preferable to adjust the valve 26 so that the CKbjpocTb flow of coolant through each of the holes 22 is the same. A valve 16 is installed so that it is possible to control the corresponding flow of coolant through the openings 22 with respect to the flow of coolant through the hatch 4 of the bottom of the coking cylinder 1. . The proposed coke making apparatus operates as follows. The hot liquid petroleum hydrocarbon is charged into the coking cylinder 1 and provides an opportunity to form a very low plastic coke mass in the usual way. However, in order to protect the openings 22 from blocking during the filling period, it is preferable to supply steam through the openings 22 at the appropriate pressure, temperature and flow rate. After the filling period is completed, the contents of the cylinder are subjected to steam desorption for a period of 1/2 to 2 hours in accordance with a conventional method. However, along with the supply of all the steam through the hatch 4 of the bottom of the coking cylinder 1, part of the steam is fed through the holes 22. It is preferable to control the flow rate of the steam out through all the holes 22 and through the hatch 4 of the bottom accordingly. After the steam stripping is completed, the coke in the coking cylinder 1 is cooled with a coolant, preferably water. This is achieved by supplying cooling water to the internal cavity of the coking cylinder 1 through the holes 22 in place of hatch 4 or in addition to the hatch of the bottom. It is preferable to monitor in an appropriate manner the rate of flow of water through each of the openings 22 and the hatch of 4 bottoms. As in the conventional technology, the rate of outflow of all water supplied to the coking cylinder 1 during the initial stages of liquid cooling is relatively small, sufficient to avoid dangerously high vapor pressures .. Then the rate of outflow of coolant can be increased. . After the coke in the coking cylinder 1 is cooled to a safe temperature or below), the bottom B and the bottom 7 of the upper part are removed and the coke in the coking cylinder 1 is removed from it in the usual way by means of crushing means 21. The cooling liquid used to cool the contents of the coking cylinder 1 is supplied from a set of holes spread on the side surfaces of the cylinder. As a result, raw coke made in accordance with the invention, having more uniform properties, along with a general improvement in properties, and therefore graphitized electrodes made from graphite raw coke, obtained according to the invention, always have a tendency to have a coefficient of thermal extensions 4, Og1 (Gg or less. Note that the uniformity of the property is manifested in the raw coke obtained according to the invention is due to the fact that each separate zone or region in a very viscous plastic The second hydrocarbon mass in the coking cylinder is cooled in essentially the same way as another zone or hydrocarbon region. Thus, mainly all zones or areas of the hydrocarbon mass in the coking cylinder are affected by conditions that promote the formation of graphite coke. In the known methods, water that is introduced into the bottom of the coking cylinder and which immediately evaporates, converts into steam, causes splitting and tresdins in the hydrocarbon mass and thus forms a flow through the coke to the top of the coking cylinder where it goes through the OUTLET . In accordance with the proposed method, it is believed that water introduced into the coking cylinder 1 through the holes, in addition to the water introduced through the bottom hatch, also forms fractures and cracks in the hydrocarbon mass. However, due to the fact that the amount of water supplied to the coking cylinder through each of the holes and the bottom hatch is much less than the total, the amount of water supplied to the bottom hatch according to known methods, and into the FORCE that the cooled water is introduced into the cylinder coking from many different places, a much wider network of fractures and cracks arises, which contributes to a more uniform cooling of the hydrocarbon mass as a whole. Due to this more uniform cooling, the properties of the resulting raw coke are also more uniform. An additional advantage of the invention is that the cooled coke in the coking cylinder can be removed from it using a perforator with the pro ("1st. When cool water is introduced only into the bottom of the coking cylinder in accordance with known methods, water tends to go through the channel, and therefore, hot spots in the coke mass remain possible. These hot spots present a significant danger to the maintenance personnel attempting to remove the coke from the coking cylinder using a rotary hammer. because of the possibility of large quantities of high-pressure steam. In accordance with the invention, this danger is significantly reduced because a wider network of threshing channels and passages occurs in the hydrocarbon mass when cooling water is supplied through a plurality of inlets made according to the invention, significantly reducing the distribution of hot spots. Another advantage of the invention is that the stress in the design of the coking cylinder is reduced. Due to the desire to cool the water supplied to the bottom of the coking cylinder to go along the channel, the cylinder itself may be unevenly cooled during the cooling of coke. It is noted that by virtue of this, conventional coking cylinders may indeed take the form of a banana during the cooling process with liquid, since one side of the coking cylinder cools at a faster rate than its other side. This leads to undesirable stresses in the coking cylinder and shortens the life of the device. In accordance with the invention, this disadvantage is eliminated, since the cooling fluid is introduced evenly, facilitating
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    Claim
    1. A method of producing coke from liquid hydrocarbons, including loading heated raw materials into a coking chamber, holding it until coke is formed, supplying steam through coke, cooling the coke by introducing cooling liquid into the chamber, crushing the coke into pieces and removing it from the chamber as crude coke, characterized in that, in order to increase the uniformity of the physico-mechanical characteristics of coke, coolant is introduced into the chamber through openings made in the side walls of the chamber.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the coolant is introduced through the bottom of the coking chamber.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the steam is supplied through openings in the side walls of the chamber.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    SU950190A3|1982-08-07|Method for producing coke from liquid hydrocarbons
    US3365387A|1968-01-23|Off-stream decoking of a minor portion of on-stream thermal cracking tubes
    US6117308A|2000-09-12|Foam reduction in petroleum cokers
    US5795445A|1998-08-18|Method of controlling the quench of coke in a coke drum
    CA1279838C|1991-02-05|Delayed coking
    US8419931B2|2013-04-16|Silicone free anti-foaming process and controlled foaming process for petroleum coking
    WO2008057403A9|2008-06-26|Method of performing a decoking cycle
    US7371317B2|2008-05-13|Process for producing coke
    US2851760A|1958-09-16|Patching of by-product coke oven tubular surfaces
    US6764592B1|2004-07-20|Drum warming in petroleum cokers
    US2721888A|1955-10-25|Process for removing undesired tars from a cracked gas
    US1369673A|1921-02-22|Coking- retort-oven
    US2164773A|1939-07-04|Method of dewaxing hydrocarbon oil
    CA1176594A|1984-10-23|Coke-oven battery
    US1715240A|1929-05-28|Pitch-coking process
    US4828682A|1989-05-09|Coking process
    US1714091A|1929-05-21|Art of cracking hydrocarbon oils
    US3412012A|1968-11-19|Process for decoking a delayed coker
    CN106398760A|2017-02-15|Process for producing matrix asphalt by using low-condensing heavy oil
    US2194359A|1940-03-19|Method for producing valuable hydrocarbons in the carbonization of bituminous fuels or the like
    US1942980A|1934-01-09|Process of coking liquid or liquefiable bituminous material
    US1437229A|1922-11-28|Process of treating petroleum
    US1971834A|1934-08-28|Coking heavy petroleum oil
    US2025500A|1935-12-24|Process for treating hydrocarbons
    US1998248A|1935-04-16|Method for the pyrolysis of petroleum oils and apparatus therefor
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CA1110991A|1981-10-20|
    GB1592631A|1981-07-08|
    BR7800518A|1978-09-12|
    US4168224A|1979-09-18|
    DE2805624A1|1978-08-31|
    FR2380334A1|1978-09-08|
    SE7801663L|1978-08-14|
    NL7801340A|1978-08-16|
    NO780495L|1978-08-15|
    ES466899A1|1979-08-16|
    JPS53102902A|1978-09-07|
    ES474878A1|1979-04-01|
    IN147649B|1980-05-17|
    IT1118208B|1986-02-24|
    IT7819729D0|1978-01-27|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2302299A|1940-11-12|1942-11-17|Shell Dev|Hydraulic disruption of solids|
    US2778781A|1953-05-25|1957-01-22|Jenkins Petroleum Process Comp|Process for the continuous coking of hydrocarbons|
    US2837470A|1955-08-17|1958-06-03|Hayden And Company|Coke quenching|
    US2876865A|1956-11-02|1959-03-10|Phillips Petroleum Co|Cooling hot gases|
    US2929765A|1957-04-22|1960-03-22|Standard Oil Co|Coking apparatus|
    NL260717A|1960-02-12|
    JPS4819604B1|1969-02-21|1973-06-14|
    US3745110A|1971-05-05|1973-07-10|Marathon Oil Co|Thermal decoking of delayed coking drums|
    US3836434A|1972-03-27|1974-09-17|Great Lakes Carbon Corp|Process for decoking a delayed coker|
    CA968734A|1972-11-20|1975-06-03|James E. Little|Controlled quenching of hot petroleum coke|
    US3963358A|1975-02-12|1976-06-15|Houser Roy W|Paper dispensing pen|US4519898A|1983-05-20|1985-05-28|Exxon Research & Engineering Co.|Low severity delayed coking|
    JPH0121085B2|1984-05-22|1989-04-19|Tokai Carbon Kk|
    US4634500A|1985-07-15|1987-01-06|Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation|Method of quenching heated coke to limit coke drum stress|
    US5024730A|1990-06-07|1991-06-18|Texaco Inc.|Control system for delayed coker|
    US5110448A|1991-03-12|1992-05-05|Adams Stephen P|Coking process|
    KR100355207B1|1994-01-26|2003-01-24|마크 에이 레일리|Improved inflatable device for use in surgical protocol relating to fixation of bone|
    EP0741547B1|1994-01-26|2005-04-20|Kyphon Inc.|Improved inflatable device for use in surgical protocol relating to fixation of bone|
    US5827403A|1996-07-10|1998-10-27|Citgo Petroleum Corporation|Method of designing and manufacturing a delayed coker drum|
    DE69920592T2|1998-07-30|2005-10-13|Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Kadoma|Method and apparatus for removing oil from a waste article|
    US6491047B2|1998-11-13|2002-12-10|Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.|Method of cleaning container for photographic treatment composition and apparatus therefor|
    US8137476B2|2009-04-06|2012-03-20|Synfuels International, Inc.|Secondary reaction quench device and method of use|
    CN105316010A|2014-07-30|2016-02-10|宝鸡市泰和化工科技有限公司|Two-stage semi-coke furnace, and process for recovering furnace gas and producing synthetic ammonia|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US05/768,293|US4168224A|1977-02-14|1977-02-14|Coking drum and process for forming improved graphite coke|
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